٣١٤ - باب النهي عن الحلف بمخلوق كالنبي والكعبة والملائكة والسماء والآباء والحياة والروح والرأس وحياة السلطان ونعمة السلطان وتربة فلان والأمانة، وهي من أشدها نهيا

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Chapter: The prohibition of swearing by a created thing — such as the Prophet, the Kaʿbah, the angels, the heavens, one's forefathers, one's life, the soul, the head, the life of the ruler, the favour of the ruler, the dust [grave] of so-and-so, and trust (al-amānah) — the last of these being among the most severely forbidden.

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Hadith1707

﵄، - ﷺ -

On the authority of Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both), from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: "Allah, the Exalted, forbids you to swear by your forefathers. So whoever would swear an oath, let him swear by Allah, or else remain silent." Agreed upon. In a version in the Ṣaḥīḥ: "So whoever would swear an oath, let him swear by none but Allah, or else keep silent."

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Hadith1708

- ﵁ - - ﷺ:

On the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Do not swear by the idols, nor by your forefathers." Narrated by Muslim. "Al-ṭawāghī" is the plural of ṭāghiyah, meaning the idols. From the same root is the report: "This is the ṭāghiyah of Daws" — that is, their idol and the object of their worship. It is also related in works other than Muslim's: "bi'l-ṭawāghīt," the plural of ṭāghūt, which is the devil and the idol.

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Hadith1709

وعن بُريدَةَ - ﵁: أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ - ﷺ - قَالَ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ بِالأمَانَةِ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا» حديث صحيح، رواه أَبُو داود بإسناد صحيح.

On the authority of Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him): that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever swears by trust (al-amānah) is not one of us." A sound hadith, narrated by Abū Dāwūd with a sound chain.

Hadith1710

وعنه، قَالَ: قَالَ رسولُ الله - ﷺ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ فَقَالَ: إنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الإسْلاَمِ، فَإنْ كَانَ كَاذِبًا، فَهُوَ كمَا قَالَ، وإنْ كَانَ صَادِقًا، فَلَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى الإسْلاَمِ سَالِمًا» . رواه أَبُو داود .

On his authority [Buraydah], who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever swears and says, 'I am free of Islam,' then if he is lying, he is as he said; and if he is truthful, he will not return to Islam unscathed." Narrated by Abū Dāwūd.

Hadith1711

وعن ابن عمر ﵄: أنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا يقُولُ: لاَ وَالكَعْبَةِ، فَقَالَ ابنُ عُمَرَ: لاَ تَحْلِفْ بَغَيْرِ اللهِ، فَإنِّي سَمِعْتُ رسولَ اللهِ - ﷺ - يقولُ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ بِغَيرِ اللهِ، فقد كَفَرَ أَوْ أشْرَكَ». رواه الترمذي، وقال: «حديث حسن». وفَسَّرَ بَعْضُ العُلَمَاءِ قولَهُ: «كفَرَ أَوْ أشْرَكَ» عَلَى التَّغْلِيظِ، كما روي أنَّ النبيَّ - ﷺ - قَالَ: «الرِّياءُ شِرْكٌ» .

On the authority of Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both): that he heard a man saying, "No, by the Kaʿbah," so Ibn ʿUmar said: "Do not swear by other than Allah, for I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Whoever swears by other than Allah has disbelieved or committed shirk.'" Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who said: "A good hadith." Some of the scholars explained his words "has disbelieved or committed shirk" as said by way of stern emphasis, just as it is related that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Showing off (riyāʾ) is shirk."