١ - باب الإخلاص وإحضار النية في جميع الأعمال والأقوال

On the authority of the Commander of the Faithful, Abu Hafs ʿUmar ibn al-Khattab ibn Nufayl ibn ʿAbd al-ʿUzza ibn Riyah ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn Qurt ibn Razah ibn ʿAdi ibn Kaʿb ibn Luʾayy ibn Ghalib al-Qurashi al-ʿAdawi (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Actions are but by intentions, and every person shall have only what he intended. So whoever's emigration was for Allah and His Messenger, his emigration is for Allah and His Messenger; and whoever's emigration was for some worldly gain he might attain, or a woman he might marry, his emigration is for that to which he emigrated." Agreed upon as authentic. It was narrated by the two imams of the hadith scholars, Abu ʿAbd Allah Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Mughirah ibn Bardizbah al-Juʿfi al-Bukhari, and Abu al-Husayn Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj ibn Muslim al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi (may Allah have mercy on them both), in their two Sahihs, which are the most authentic of the compiled books.

And on the authority of the Mother of the Faithful, Umm ʿAbd Allah ʿAʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "An army will march against the Kaʿbah, and when they are in a desert plain of the land, the first and the last of them will be swallowed up." She said: I said: O Messenger of Allah, how will the first and the last of them be swallowed up when among them are their marketgoers and those who are not of them? He said: "The first and the last of them will be swallowed up, then they will be raised according to their intentions." Agreed upon. This is the wording of al-Bukhari.

And on the authority of ʿAʾishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: The Prophet ﷺ said: "There is no emigration after the Conquest, but rather jihad and intention; and when you are called to march out, then march out." Agreed upon. Its meaning is: there is no emigration from Makkah, because it has become a land of Islam.

And on the authority of Abu ʿAbd Allah Jabir ibn ʿAbd Allah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: We were with the Prophet ﷺ on a military expedition, and he said: "Indeed, in Madinah there are men: you did not travel any distance, nor cross any valley, but they were with you — illness held them back." And in another narration: "but they shared with you in the reward." Muslim narrated it. And al-Bukhari narrated it on the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: We returned from the Expedition of Tabuk with the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: "Indeed, there are people behind us in Madinah: we did not traverse any mountain pass or valley but they were with us — a valid excuse held them back."

And on the authority of Abu Yazid Maʿn ibn Yazid ibn al-Akhnas (may Allah be pleased with them) — he, his father, and his grandfather were all Companions — who said: My father Yazid set aside some dinars to give as charity, and he placed them with a man in the mosque. So I came, took them, and brought them to him. He said: By Allah, it was not you that I intended. So I took my dispute against him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said: "You have what you intended, O Yazid, and you have what you took, O Maʿn." Al-Bukhari narrated it.

And on the authority of Abu Ishaq Saʿd ibn Abi Waqqas Malik ibn Uhayb ibn ʿAbd Manaf ibn Zuhrah ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Kaʿb ibn Luʾayy al-Qurashi al-Zuhri (may Allah be pleased with him) — one of the ten given the glad tidings of Paradise (may Allah be pleased with them) — who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to visit me in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, during an illness that had grown severe upon me. I said: O Messenger of Allah, the illness has reached me to the degree you can see, and I am a man of wealth, and none inherits from me but a single daughter of mine. Shall I give two-thirds of my wealth in charity? He said: "No." I said: Then half, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "No." I said: Then a third, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "A third — and a third is much," or "large. Indeed, if you leave your heirs wealthy, that is better than leaving them destitute, begging from people. And you will never spend anything seeking thereby the Face of Allah but that you are rewarded for it, even what you place in your wife's mouth." He said: So I said: O Messenger of Allah, shall I be left behind after my companions? He said: "You will never be left behind and then perform a deed seeking thereby the Face of Allah but that it raises you in rank and elevation. Perhaps you will be left behind so that some people will benefit by you and others will be harmed by you. O Allah, complete for my Companions their emigration, and do not turn them back on their heels. But the unfortunate one is Saʿd ibn Khawlah" — the Messenger of Allah ﷺ grieved for him because he died in Makkah. Agreed upon.

And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Sakhr (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, Allah does not look at your bodies, nor at your forms, but He looks at your hearts and your deeds." Muslim narrated it.

On the authority of Abu Musa Abdullah ibn Qays al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about a man who fights out of bravery, fights out of tribal zeal, and fights to show off — which of these is in the path of Allah? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever fights so that the word of Allah is uppermost is in the path of Allah.” Agreed upon.

On the authority of Abu Bakrah Nufay' ibn al-Harith al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him): that the Prophet ﷺ said: “When two Muslims meet one another with their swords, both the killer and the slain are in the Fire.” I said: O Messenger of Allah, this is the killer, but what is the matter with the slain? He said: “He too was eager to kill his companion.” Agreed upon.

On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The prayer of a man in congregation is increased over his prayer in his market and his house by twenty-odd degrees. That is because, when one of you performs ablution and does it well, then comes to the mosque desiring nothing but the prayer, with nothing rousing him but the prayer, he does not take a single step without a degree being raised for him by it and a sin being removed from him by it, until he enters the mosque. When he enters the mosque he remains in prayer as long as the prayer is what keeps him there, and the angels send blessings upon one of you as long as he stays in the place where he prayed, saying: O Allah, have mercy on him; O Allah, forgive him; O Allah, accept his repentance — so long as he causes no harm there, so long as he does not break his ablution there.” Agreed upon, and this is the wording of Muslim. His saying ﷺ “yanhazuhu” is pronounced with a fatḥah on the yāʾ and the hāʾ and with the zāy: that is, it drives him out and rouses him.

On the authority of Abu al-Abbas Abdullah ibn Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with them both), from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, relating from his Lord (Mighty and Majestic), who said: “Indeed Allah has recorded the good deeds and the bad deeds, then He made that clear: whoever resolves upon a good deed but does not do it, Allah records it with Him as one complete good deed; and if he resolves upon it and does it, Allah records it as ten good deeds, up to seven hundred times, up to many times more. And whoever resolves upon a bad deed but does not do it, Allah the Exalted records it with Him as one complete good deed; and if he resolves upon it and does it, Allah records it as one single bad deed.” Agreed upon.

On the authority of Abu Abd al-Rahman Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “Three men from those who came before you set out until the night brought them to take shelter in a cave, which they entered. Then a boulder rolled down from the mountain and blocked the cave upon them. They said: Nothing will save you from this boulder except that you call upon Allah by your righteous deeds. One man among them said: O Allah, I had two elderly, aged parents, and I never used to give the evening milk to anyone — family or property — before them. One day the search for pasture took me far afield, and I did not return to them until they had fallen asleep. I milked their evening drink for them and found them asleep. I disliked to wake them or to give the evening drink to family or property before them, so I waited — with the cup in my hand — awaiting their waking, until dawn broke, while the children were crying out from hunger at my feet. Then they woke and drank their evening drink. O Allah, if I did that seeking Your face, then relieve us of the plight we are in from this boulder. So it parted somewhat, but they could not get out. The other said: O Allah, I had a cousin, the daughter of my uncle, who was the most beloved of people to me — (in a narration: I loved her as intensely as men love women) — and I sought her for myself, but she refused me, until a year of hardship afflicted her. She came to me, and I gave her one hundred and twenty dinars on condition that she let me have my way with her. She agreed, and when I was able to take her — (in a narration: when I sat between her legs) — she said: Fear Allah, and do not break the seal except by its right. So I turned away from her, though she was the most beloved of people to me, and I left the gold I had given her. O Allah, if I did that seeking Your face, then relieve us of the plight we are in. So the boulder parted, except that they could not get out of it. The third said: O Allah, I hired labourers and gave them their wages, except for one man who left what was his and went away. I invested his wage until wealth grew abundant from it. After a time he came to me and said: O servant of Allah, render me my wage. I said: All that you see is from your wage — the camels, the cattle, the sheep, and the slaves. He said: O servant of Allah, do not mock me. I said: I am not mocking you. So he took it all and drove it away, leaving nothing of it. O Allah, if I did that seeking Your face, then relieve us of the plight we are in. So the boulder parted, and they walked out.” Agreed upon.