Allah, exalted is He, said:
رياض الصالحينAbū Zakariyyā Muḥyī al-Dīn Yaḥyā ibn Sharaf al-Nawawī٢٤٠ - باب فضل السماحة في البيع والشراء والأخذ والعطاء وحسن القضاء والتقاضي وإرجاح المكيال والميزان، والنهي عن التطفيف وفضل إنظار الموسر المعسر والوضع عنه
٢٤٠ - باب فضل السماحة في البيع والشراء والأخذ والعطاء وحسن القضاء والتقاضي وإرجاح المكيال والميزان، والنهي عن التطفيف وفضل إنظار الموسر المعسر والوضع عنه
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allāh is Knowing of it."
And He, exalted is He, said:
وَيَـٰقَوْمِ أَوْفُوا۟ ٱلْمِكْيَالَ وَٱلْمِيزَانَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ ۖ وَلَا تَبْخَسُوا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشْيَآءَهُمْ وَلَا تَعْثَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ
And O my people, give full measure and weight in justice and do not deprive the people of their due and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption.
وقال تَعَالَى:
And He, exalted is He, said:
وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ
Woe to those who give less [than due],1
وعن أَبي هريرة - ﵁: أنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبيَّ - ﷺ - يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَأغْلَظَ لَهُ، فَهَمَّ بِهِ أصْحَابُهُ، فَقَالَ رسولُ الله - ﷺ: «دَعُوهُ، فَإنَّ لِصَاحِبِ الحَقِّ مَقَالًا» ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أعْطُوهُ سِنًّا مِثْلَ سِنِّهِ» قالوا: يَا رسولَ اللهِ، لا نَجِدُ إِلاَّ أمْثَلَ مِنْ سِنِّهِ، قَالَ: «أعْطُوهُ، فإنَّ خَيْرَكُمْ أحْسَنُكُمْ قَضَاءً». متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): a man came to the Prophet ﷺ demanding repayment of a debt and was harsh with him, so his Companions made to deal with him. But the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Leave him, for the one who has a right is entitled to speak." Then he said: "Give him a camel of an age like his." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, we find only one better than his." He said: "Give it to him, for the best of you is the one who is best in repaying." Agreed upon.
وعن جابر - ﵁: أنَّ رسول الله - ﷺ - قَالَ: «رَحِمَ اللهُ رَجُلًا سَمْحًا إِذَا بَاعَ، وَإِذَا اشْتَرَى، وَإِذَا اقْتَضَى». رواه البخاري.
From Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him): the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "May Allah have mercy on a man who is lenient when he sells, when he buys, and when he demands repayment." Narrated by al-Bukhārī.
وعن أَبي قتادة - ﵁ - قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رسولَ الله - ﷺ - يقول: «مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يُنَجِّيَهُ اللهُ مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ، فَلْيُنَفِّسْ عَنْ مُعْسِرٍ أَوْ يَضَعْ عَنْهُ». رواه مسلم.
From Abū Qatādah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Whoever would like Allah to save him from the distresses of the Day of Resurrection, let him grant relief to one in hardship or remit (the debt) for him." Narrated by Muslim.
وعن أَبي هريرة - ﵁: أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ - ﷺ - قَالَ: «كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُدَايِنُ النَّاسَ، وَكَانَ يَقُولُ لِفَتَاهُ: إِذَا أَتَيْتَ مُعْسِرًا فَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ، لَعَلَّ اللهَ أَنْ يَتَجَاوَزَ عَنَّا، فَلَقِيَ اللهَ فَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ». متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There was a man who used to lend to people, and he would say to his servant: When you come to one in hardship, overlook (the debt) for him, that perhaps Allah may overlook (our faults) for us. So he met Allah, and Allah overlooked (his sins) for him." Agreed upon.
وعن أَبي مسعود البدريِّ - ﵁ - قَالَ: قَالَ رسول الله - ﷺ: «حُوسِبَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ، فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ مِنَ الخَيْرِ شَيْءٌ، إِلاَّ أنَّهُ كَانَ يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَكَانَ مُوسِرًا، وَكَانَ يَأمُرُ غِلْمَانَهُ أَنْ يَتَجَاوَزُوا عَن المُعْسِر. قَالَ اللهُ - ﷿: نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بذلِكَ مِنْهُ؛ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْهُ». رواه مسلم .
From Abū Masʿūd al-Badrī (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "A man from those before you was brought to account, and no good was found to his credit except that he used to deal with people and was wealthy, and he would order his servants to be lenient with the one in hardship. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: We are more entitled to that than he is; overlook (his sins) for him." Narrated by Muslim.
وعن حذيفة - ﵁ - قَالَ: أُتَي اللهُ تَعَالَى بِعَبْدٍ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ آتَاهُ اللهُ مَالًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَاذَا عَمِلْتَ في الدُّنْيَا؟ قَالَ: «وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللهَ حَدِيثًا» قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ آتَيْتَنِي مَالَكَ، فَكُنْتُ أُبَايعُ النَّاسَ، وَكَانَ مِنْ خُلُقِي الجَوَازُ، فَكُنْتُ أَتَيَسَّرُ عَلَى المُوسِرِ، وَأُنْظِرُ المُعْسِرَ. فَقَالَ الله تَعَالَى: «أنَا أَحَقُّ بِذا مِنْكَ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ عَبْدِي» فَقَالَ عُقْبَةُ بن عامِر، وأبو مسعودٍ الأنصاريُّ ﵄: هكَذا سَمِعْنَاهُ مِنْ فيِّ رسولِ الله - ﷺ. رواه مسلم.
From Ḥudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: A servant from among His servants, to whom Allah had given wealth, was brought before Allah, exalted is He. He said to him: "What did you do in the world?" — and they conceal no statement from Allah — He said: "O my Lord, You gave me Your wealth, and I used to trade with people; it was part of my character to be easy-going, so I would deal gently with the well-off and grant respite to the one in hardship." So Allah, exalted is He, said: "I am more entitled to that than you; overlook (the sins of) My servant." ʿUqbah ibn ʿĀmir and Abū Masʿūd al-Anṣārī (may Allah be pleased with them) said: "Thus did we hear it from the very mouth of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." Narrated by Muslim.
وعن أَبي هريرة - ﵁ - قَالَ: قَالَ رسول الله - ﷺ: «مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا، أَوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ، أظَلَّهُ اللهُ يَومَ القِيَامَةِ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَومَ لا ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ». رواه الترمذي، وقال: «حديث حسن صحيح».
From Abū Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever grants respite to one in hardship, or remits (the debt) for him, Allah will shade him on the Day of Resurrection beneath the shade of His Throne, on a Day when there is no shade but His shade." Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who said: "A good and sound (ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ) hadith."
وعن جابر - ﵁: أنَّ النبيَّ - ﷺ - اشْتَرَى مِنْهُ بَعِيرًا، فَوَزَنَ لَهُ فَأَرْجَحَ. متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
From Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him): the Prophet ﷺ bought a camel from him, then weighed out (the price) for him and gave overweight. Agreed upon.
وعن أَبي صَفْوَان سُويْدِ بنِ قيسٍ - ﵁ - قَالَ: جَلَبْتُ أَنَا وَمَخْرَمَةُ العَبْدِيُّ بَزًّا مِنْ هَجَرَ، فَجَاءنا النبيُّ - ﷺ - فَسَاوَمَنَا بسَرَاوِيلَ، وَعِنْدِي وَزَّانٌ يَزِنُ بِالأَجْرِ، فَقَالَ النَّبيُّ - ﷺ - لِلْوَزَّانِ: «زِنْ وَأَرْجِحْ». رواه أَبُو داود، والترمذي وقال: «حديث حسن صحيح».
From Abū Ṣafwān Suwayd ibn Qays (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: Makhramah al-ʿAbdī and I brought cloth from Hajar, and the Prophet ﷺ came to us and bargained with us for some trousers. I had with me a weigher who weighed for a wage, and the Prophet ﷺ said to the weigher: "Weigh, and give overweight." Narrated by Abū Dāwūd and al-Tirmidhī, who said: "A good and sound (ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ) hadith."