Allah, the Exalted, says:
رياض الصالحينAbū Zakariyyā Muḥyī al-Dīn Yaḥyā ibn Sharaf al-Nawawī٧٢ - باب تحريم الكبر والإعجاب
٧٢ - باب تحريم الكبر والإعجاب
ۚ
That home of the Hereafter We assign to those who do not desire exaltedness upon the earth or corruption. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous.
And do not walk upon the earth exultantly. Indeed, you will never tear the earth [apart], and you will never reach the mountains in height.1
وقال تَعَالَى:
And He, the Exalted, says:
وَلَا تُصَعِّرْ خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَلَا تَمْشِ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مَرَحًا ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ
And do not turn your cheek [in contempt] toward people1 and do not walk through the earth exultantly. Indeed, Allāh does not like everyone self-deluded and boastful.
ومعنى «تُصَعِّر خَدَّكَ لِلنَّاسِ»: أيْ تُمِيلُهُ وتُعرِضُ بِهِ عَنِ النَّاسِ تَكَبُّرًا عَلَيْهِمْ. وَ«المَرَحُ»: التَّبَخْتُرُ. وقال تَعَالَى:
The meaning of "tuṣaʿʿir khaddaka li'l-nās" [turn your cheek away from people] is: that you incline it and turn it away from people out of arrogance towards them. And "al-maraḥ" means: strutting about in conceit. And He, the Exalted, says:
۞ إِنَّ قَـٰرُونَ كَانَ مِن قَوْمِ مُوسَىٰ فَبَغَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ مِنَ ٱلْكُنُوزِ مَآ إِنَّ مَفَاتِحَهُۥ لَتَنُوٓأُ بِٱلْعُصْبَةِ أُو۟لِى ٱلْقُوَّةِ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُۥ قَوْمُهُۥ لَا تَفْرَحْ ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْفَرِحِينَ
Indeed, Qārūn was from the people of Moses, but he tyrannized them. And We gave him of treasures whose keys would burden a band of strong men; thereupon his people said to him, "Do not exult. Indeed, Allāh does not like the exultant.
إِلَى قَوْله تَعَالَى:
up to His statement, the Exalted:
فَخَسَفْنَا بِهِۦ وَبِدَارِهِ ٱلْأَرْضَ فَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ مِن فِئَةٍ يَنصُرُونَهُۥ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلْمُنتَصِرِينَ
And We caused the earth to swallow him and his home. And there was for him no company to aid him other than Allāh, nor was he of those who [could] defend themselves.
الآيات.
[to the end of] the verses.
وعن عبد الله بن مسعود - ﵁ - عن النبي - ﷺ - قَالَ: «لاَ يَدْخُلُ الجَنَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ في قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّة مِنْ كِبْرٍ!» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: إنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ثَوْبُهُ حَسَنًا، ونَعْلُهُ حَسَنَةً؟ قَالَ: «إنَّ اللهَ جَمِيلٌ يُحِبُّ الجَمَالَ، الكِبْرُ: بَطَرُ الحَقِّ وَغَمْطُ النَّاسِ». رواه مسلم. «بَطَرُ الحَقِّ»: دَفْعُهُ وَرَدُّهُ عَلَى قَائِلِهِ، وَ«غَمْطُ النَّاسِ»: احْتِقَارُهُمْ.
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No one who has in his heart the weight of an atom of pride will enter Paradise." A man said: But a man likes his garment to be fine and his sandals to be fine? He said: "Allah is beautiful and loves beauty. Pride is the rejection of truth and the disdaining of people." Narrated by Muslim. "Baṭar al-ḥaqq" [rejecting the truth] means: rebuffing it and returning it upon the one who speaks it, and "ghamṭ al-nās" [disdaining people] means: holding them in contempt.
وعن سلمة بن الأكوع - ﵁: أنّ رَجُلًا أكَلَ عِنْدَ رسول الله - ﷺ - بشمالِهِ، فَقَالَ: «كُلْ بيَمِينِكَ» قَالَ: لاَ أسْتَطِيعُ! قَالَ: «لاَ اسْتَطَعْتَ» مَا مَنَعَهُ إِلاَّ الكِبْرُ. قَالَ: فما رفَعها إِلَى فِيهِ. رواه مسلم.
Salama ibn al-Akwaʿ (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a man ate in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with his left hand. He said: "Eat with your right hand." He said: I cannot! He said: "May you never be able to!" — nothing prevented him but pride. He said: And he never raised it to his mouth again. Narrated by Muslim.
وعن حارثة بن وهْبٍ - ﵁ - قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رسول الله - ﷺ - يقول: «ألا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بأهْلِ النَّار: كلُّ عُتُلٍ جَوّاظٍ مُسْتَكْبرٍ». متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ، وتقدم شرحه في بابِ ضعفةِ المسلمين.
Ḥāritha ibn Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "Shall I not inform you about the people of the Fire? Every harsh, greedy, arrogant person." Agreed upon. Its explanation has already been given in the chapter on the weak among the Muslims.
وعن أَبي سعيد الخدري - ﵁ - عن النبي - ﷺ - قَالَ: «احْتَجّتِ الجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ، فَقَالَت النَّارُ: فيَّ الْجَبَّارُونَ والمُتَكَبِّرُونَ. وقالتِ الجَنَّةُ: فيَّ ضُعفاءُ الناس ومساكينُهُم، فقضى اللهُ بَينهُما: إنكِ الجنّةُ رَحْمَتِي أرْحَمُ بِك مَنْ أشَاءُ، وَإنَّكِ النَّارُ عَذَابِي أُعَذِّبُ بِكِ مَنْ أشَاءُ، وَلِكِلَيْكُمَا عَلَيَّ مِلْؤُهَا». رواه مسلم.
Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Paradise and the Fire disputed. The Fire said: In me are the tyrants and the arrogant. And Paradise said: In me are the weak among the people and their poor. So Allah judged between them: You, Paradise, are My mercy; through you I show mercy to whom I will. And you, Fire, are My punishment; through you I punish whom I will. And it is binding upon Me that each of you shall have its fill." Narrated by Muslim.
وعن أَبي هريرة - ﵁: أنَّ رسول الله - ﷺ - قَالَ: «لاَ يَنْظُرُ اللهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ إِلَى مَنْ جَرَّ إزَارَهُ بَطَرًا». متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Abū Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah will not look, on the Day of Resurrection, at the one who trails his lower garment out of conceit." Agreed upon.
وعنه، قَالَ: قَالَ رسول الله - ﷺ: «ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَة، وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ، وَلاَ يَنْظُرُ إلَيْهِمْ، وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ ألِيمٌ: شَيْخٌ زَانٍ، وَمَلِكٌ كَذَّابٌ، وَعَائِلٌ مُسْتَكْبِرٌ». رواه مسلم. «العَائِلُ»: الفَقِيرُ.
And on his authority, he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Three are those whom Allah will not speak to on the Day of Resurrection, nor purify, nor look at, and they will have a painful punishment: an aged man who fornicates, a king who lies, and a poor man who is arrogant." Narrated by Muslim. "Al-ʿāʾil" means: the poor man.
وعنه، قَالَ: قَالَ رسول الله - ﷺ: «قَالَ الله - ﷿: العِزُّ إزَاري، والكبرياءُ رِدائي، فَمَنْ يُنَازِعُنِي في وَاحِدٍ منهما فَقَد عَذَّبْتُهُ». رواه مسلم.
And on his authority, he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Might is My waist-wrapper and grandeur is My cloak; so whoever contends with Me over either of them, I shall punish him." Narrated by Muslim.
وعنه: أنَّ رسول الله - ﷺ - قَالَ: «بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ يَمشِي في حُلَّةٍ تُعْجِبُهُ نَفْسُهُ، مُرَجِّلٌ رَأسَهُ، يَخْتَالُ فِي مَشْيَتهِ، إِذْ خَسَفَ اللهُ بِهِ، فَهُوَ يَتَجَلْجَلُ في الأَرضِ إِلَى يَوْمِ القِيَامَةِ». متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ. «مُرَجِّلٌ رَأسَهُ»: أيْ مُمَشِّطُهُ، «يَتَجَلْجَلُ» بالجيمين: أيْ يَغُوصُ وَيَنْزِلُ.
And on his authority: that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "While a man was walking in a fine robe, filled with self-admiration, his hair combed, strutting proudly in his gait, Allah suddenly caused the earth to swallow him up, and he keeps sinking down into the earth until the Day of Resurrection." Agreed upon. "Murajjil ra'sahu" [combing his hair] means: combing it; "yatajaljal" — with two jīms — means: he sinks down and descends.
وعن سَلَمةَ بنِ الأكْوَعِ - ﵁ - قَالَ: قَالَ رسول الله - ﷺ: «لاَ يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَذْهَبُ بِنَفْسِهِ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ في الجبَّارِين، فَيُصيبَهُ مَا أصَابَهُمْ». رواه الترمذي، وقال: «حديث حسن». «يَذْهَبُ بِنَفْسِهِ» أيْ: يَرْتَفِعُ وَيَتَكبَّرُ.
And on the authority of Salama ibn al-Akwaʿ (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man continues to exalt himself until he is recorded among the tyrants, and so there befalls him what befell them." Narrated by al-Tirmidhī, who said: "A good (ḥasan) hadith." "Yadhhabu bi-nafsihi" [carrying himself away] means: he becomes haughty and grows arrogant.