Every reprehensible act (makrūh) in the Book of Karahah is unlawful (ḥarām) according to Muḥammad; according to Abū Ḥanīfah and Abū Yūsuf it is nearer to the unlawful (ḥarām); therefore we have expressed most of the reprehensible matters as unlawful (ḥarām).
And unlawful are eating, drinking, anointing and applying perfume in vessels of gold and silver—for men and women; likewise every use such as eating with a silver spoon, applying kohl with its rod, and taking a kohl-case, mirror or inkwell of silver.
Drinking from a vessel plated or banded with silver is lawful, and sitting on a silver-plated chair, bed and saddle on condition of avoiding contact with the silver in each case—likewise the bit, stirrup and crupper. This applies when something can be recovered from them by melting; as for ornament from which nothing can be recovered, it is permissible without restriction—such as an emblem on a cloth and a gold stud in the bezel.
ومَنAnd whoeverContextual glossدعِيwas invitedContextual glossإلىtoContextual glossضيافةٍhospitalityContextual glossفوجدَthen foundContextual glossثمَّthenContextual glossلعباًdiversionContextual glossوغناءًand singingContextual glossيقعدlet him sitContextual glossويأكلand eatContextual glossولاand notContextual glossيتركleaveContextual glossولاand notContextual glossيخرجgo outContextual gloss،,Contextual glossويمنعand let him forbidContextual glossإنifContextual glossقَدَر.he were able.Contextual gloss
Whoever is invited to hospitality and then finds diversion and singing should sit and eat, not leave [the food] and not go out, and should forbid [the evil] if able.
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وإنAnd ifContextual glossكانhe wasContextual glossقدوةً:an exemplar:Contextual glossكالقاضيsuch as the judgeContextual glossوالمفتيand the muftiContextual glossونحوهماand their likeContextual glossيمنعlet him forbidContextual glossويقعد،and sit,Contextual glossفإنthen ifContextual glossعجزunableContextual glossخرج.let him leave.Contextual gloss
If he is an exemplar—such as a judge or mufti and the like—he should forbid and remain seated; if unable, he should leave.
Drinking she-donkeys’ milk, camels’ urine for medicinal use, and eating jallālah camels’ and cattle’s meat and drinking their milk are unlawful—unlike a chicken left to roam freely.
If [the animal] is confined and fed [clean fodder], it becomes lawful; the period is reckoned at forty days for camels, twenty for cattle, ten for sheep, three for the chicken; and if a kid suckles pigs’ milk it is like jallālah.
Fallen fruit under a tree is not lawful in the city; outside the city, if it is of what lasts—such as walnut and almond—it is not lawful; if of what does not last, it is lawful unless its owner forbids it.
If scattered sugar or dirhams fall into a man’s yard and another takes them, it is lawful unless the first had prepared for it or gathered it; likewise if someone places a basin on his roof and rainwater collects in it: if he placed it for that, it is his; if not for that, it belongs to whoever takes it.
