هوIt [is] فرضan obligation (farḍ) كفايةcommunal (kifāyah) وإنand even if لمnot يبدأthey initiate الكفّار.the disbelievers.
It is a communal obligation (farḍ kifāyah), even if the disbelievers do not initiate [hostilities].
كتاب الجهاد
Book of Jihad
ولاAnd no جهادjihād علىupon عبدٍa slave وامرأةٍor a woman وأَعمىor a blind person ومقعدٍor one paralysed وأَقطعor one missing a limb إلاّunless إذاwhen هَجَمَattacks العدو.the enemy.
And jihād is not incumbent upon a slave, a woman, a blind person, one paralysed, or one missing a limb—unless the enemy attacks.
ويقَدَّمAnd it is given precedence طلبcalling الإسلام.to Islām.
Calling [people] to Islām is given precedence.
ثمّthen الجزية.the jizyah.
Then [comes] the jizyah.
فإنSo if أبوهماthey refuse both قوتلواthey are fought بالسلاحwith weapons والمنجنيقand mangonels والماءand water والنارand fire وقطعand cutting الشجرtrees وإفسادand destroying الزرع.crops.
So if they refuse both [sc. Islam and jizyah], they are fought with weapons, mangonels, water, and fire, with cutting trees and destroying crops.
ويرمونAnd they shoot مقصودين[as] targets ولوeven if تترَّسواthey shelter بالمسلمين.behind Muslims.
They may be targeted [with missiles], even if they take shelter behind Muslims.
ويكرهAnd it is disliked إخراجbringing out النساءwomen والمصاحفand muṣḥafs إنif خيفharm is feared عليهما.for them both.
Taking women and muṣḥafs [copies of the Qur’an] out [to war] is disliked if harm to them is feared.
ويَحرمAnd unlawful [are] الغلولghulūl [embezzlement of spoils] والمثْلةand mutilation والغدرand treachery وقتلand killing المجنونthe insane والصبيand the child والمرأةand the woman غيرother than الملكةthe queen والهرمand the frail elder والأعمىand the blind والمقعدand the paralysed ونحوهمand their like إلاunless دفعاًto ward off لشرّevil قتالهof his fighting أوor رأيه.his counsel.
Embezzling spoils (ghulūl), mutilation, treachery, and killing an insane person, a child, or a woman—except the queen—or the frail elder, the blind, the paralysed, and their like are unlawful, unless to ward off the evil of his fighting or his counsel.
ويكرهAnd it is disliked للمسلمfor the Muslim قتلkilling أبيهhis father الكافرthe disbeliever إلاunless دفعاًwarding off لشرّهharm from him كالمسلم.like the Muslim.
It is disliked for a Muslim to kill his disbelieving father except to ward off harm from him, as [when killing] a Muslim.
وللإمامAnd for the Imām الصلحpeace مجاناًgratuitously أوor بمالwith wealth أخذاًtaking ودفعاً،and paying, ونقضهand annulling it بعدafter الإعلامdeclaration متىwhenever رآهhe sees it مصلحة،public interest, وإنand if بدأواthey begin بخيانةٍwith treachery لمnot يجبis obligatory الإعلام.notification.
The Imām may make peace gratuitously or for money, receiving or paying; he may annul it after declaration when he sees public interest [in doing so]; if they begin with treachery, notification is not obligatory.
ويكرهAnd disliked بيعsale السلاحof weapons والحديدِand iron والخيلand horses منهم،from them, ولوeven if كانواthey are سلماً،at peace, بخلافunlike الطَّعامfood واللباس.and clothing.
Selling weapons, iron, or horses to them is forbidden, even when they are at peace—unlike food and clothing.
وإذاAnd when أمَّنهمhe grants them security مسلمٌa Muslim حرٌّfree صحَّ[is] valid ولَزِمَand binding إلاunless أنthat يرىsees الإمامthe Imām نقضَه،annul it, ولاand not يصحّvalid أمانsecurity ذميٍّof a dhimmī وأسيرٍand prisoner وتاجرٍand trader ومسلمٍand Muslim غيرnot مهاجرٍemigrant وعبدٍand slave غيرnot مأذونauthorised فيfor القتال.fighting.
When a free Muslim grants them security it is valid and binding unless the Imām annuls it; security [given] by a dhimmī, a prisoner, a trader, a Muslim who has not emigrated, or a slave not authorised for fighting is not valid.