وهيand they are ركعتانtwo rakʿas قبلbefore الفجر.Fajr
They are two rakʿas before Fajr.
فصل في سنن الرواتب وغيرها
Chapter: confirmed sunnas of the rawātib and others
وأربعand four قبلbefore الظّهرẒuhr وركعتانand two rakʿas بعدها.after it
Four before Ẓuhr and two after it.
وأربعand four قبلbefore العصرʿAsr أوor ركعتان.two rakʿas
Four before ʿAsr or two.
وركعتانand two rakʿas بعدafter المغرب.Maghrib
Two after Maghrib.
وأربعand four قبلbefore العشاءʿIshāʾ وبعدهاand after it أربعfour أوor ركعتان.two rakʿas
Four before ʿIshāʾ and after it four or two.
وأربعand four قبلbefore الجمعةJumuʿa وأربعand four بعدها.after it
Four before Jumuʿa and four after it.
والسنةand the sunna لاnot تقْضَى،is made up إلاّexcept for سنّةsunna of الفجرFajr إذاif فاتتit is missed معwith الفجرFajr قضاهاhe makes it up قبلbefore الزوال.zawāl
Sunna is not made up except the Fajr sunna if missed with Fajr—make it up before noon.
وسنةand sunna of الظهرẒuhr أيضاًalso يقضيهاhe makes it up فيin وقته،its time ويؤخِّرهاand he delays it عنafter الرّكعتين.the two rakʿas
The Ẓuhr sunna too he makes up in its time, delaying it after the two [pre-Ẓuhr rakʿas].
والتّطوّعand supererogatory بالنّهارby day ركعتانtwo rakʿas بتسليمةٍwith one salām أوor أَربع،four وبالليلand by night ركعتانtwo rakʿas أوor أَربعfour أوor ستsix أوor ثمان،eight وتكرهand is disliked الزَّيادةthe excess علىbeyond ذلكthat فيهما،in both والأربعand four أفضلis better فيها.therein
Supererogatory by day: two rakʿas with one salām or four; by night two, four, six, or eight; exceeding that is disliked in both; four is better therein.
والأفضلand best is فيfor السننthe rawātib والنّوافلand the nawāfil المنزل.at home
The home is best for the rawātib and nawāfil.
ويَتَطَوَّعand he performs nafl قاعداًseated بغيرwithout عذرexcuse إلاexcept for سنةsunna of الفجر.Fajr
Supererogatory while seated without excuse is disliked except the Fajr sunna.
ولوand if شَرَعَhe began قاعداًseated وأتمَّand completed قائماً،standing أوor بالعكس،the reverse صَحَّ،it is valid ولوand if شَرَعَhe began راكباًmounted ثمّthen نزلَhe dismounted بنى،he continues وفيand in عكسهits reverse يستقبل.he starts over
If he began seated and finished standing, or the reverse, it is valid; if he began mounted then dismounted he completes; in the reverse he repeats.
ويكرهand is disliked التطوّعthe voluntary [prayer] بجماعة،in congregation إلاexcept for التراويح.Tarāwīḥ
Supererogatory prayer in congregation is disliked except Tarāwīḥ.
ومَنwhoever تطوَّعَvolunteered بصلاةٍwith a prayer أوor بصومٍwith a fast لَزِمَهis incumbent on him إتمامهto complete it وقضاؤهand to make it up إنif أفسَدَه.he spoiled it
Whoever volunteers a prayer or a fast must complete it and make it up if he spoils it.