والطيرAnd birds المستأنسtamed والظبيand gazelle المربوطtethered أهليانdomestic animals حكماً.in law.
Tame birds and tethered gazelle count as domestic in law.
فصل ومَن سَمِعَ حسّاً ظَنَّه حسّ صيد فرماه أو أرسلَ عليه الجارح فأصاب غيرَه حلَّ المصاب إذا كان المسموع حسّه صيداً ولو كان خنزيراً، بخلاف ما لو ظهرَ أنه آدميّ أو حيوان أهليّ فإنه لا يحلّ المصاب.
Chapter: Whoever hears a sound he supposes to be the sound of game and shoots toward it or releases a trained predator upon it yet strikes another—the struck creature is lawful if the sound heard was [that of] game even if [only] pig; unlike when it becomes clear it is a human or domestic animal—for then what is struck is not lawful.
ولوAnd if أصابَstruck المسموعَthe heard quarry حسّهits sound وقدand indeed ظنّهthought him آدمياًa human وظهرand proved صيداًgame حَلّ.lawful.
If he strikes the quarry whose sound he heard, having thought it a human, and it proves to be game, it is lawful.
ولوAnd if رَمَىshot إلىtowards طائرa bird فأَصابَand hit صَيداًgame وَمَرَّand passed الطائرthe bird ولمand did not يَعْلَمknow أنهthat وحشيٌّwild أوor أهليٌّtame حَلَّlawful الصيدthe game بخلافunlike ماwhat لوif رمىshot إلىtowards بعيرcamel فأَصابand hit صيداًgame ولمand did not يعلمknow أنهthat نادٌّherds أمor لا،not, وإنand if عَلِمknew أنهthat نادّherds حَلّ.lawful.
If he shoots at a bird and hits game whilst the bird passes and he does not know whether it is wild or tame, the game is lawful—unlike if he shoots at a camel and hits game without knowing whether it herds [runs wild] or not; and if he knows it herds, it is lawful.
ولوAnd if رَمَىshot إلىtowards سَمَكةٍa fish أوor جَرادةٍa locust فأصابand hit صيداًgame حَلَّlawful فيin إحدىone الرّوايتين،of two narrations, وهوand it الصحيح.sound.
If he shoots towards a fish or a locust and hits game it is lawful in one narration, which is sound.
وإذاAnd when وَقَعَstruck السَّهْمthe arrow بالصّيدupon the game أوor جرحَهwounded it الجارحthe predator فتحاملand pressed حتىuntil غابabsent عنfrom الصائدthe hunter ولمand did not يزلcease فيin طلبهhis pursuit حتىuntil أَصابهreached it ميتاًdead حَلَّ.lawful.
When the arrow strikes the game or the predator wounds it and [the hunter] presses on until it escapes from sight and he does not cease pursuing until he reaches it dead, it is lawful.
وإنAnd if قَعَدَsat عنfrom طلبهhis pursuit ثمّthen أَصابهreached it ميتاًdead لمnot يَحِلّ.lawful.
If he rests from pursuit then reaches it dead, it is not lawful.
وكذاAnd likewise لوif وَجَدَfound بهin it جراحةًa wound أخرى.other.
And likewise if another wound is found on it.
ولوAnd if رمىshot صيداًgame فوقعso fell فيin ماءٍ،water, أوor علىupon سطحٍ،rooftop, أوor جبلٍ،hill, أوor شجرةٍ،tree, أوor حائطٍ،wall, أوor آجرَّة،brick courses, ثمّthen وقعَfell منهfrom it إلىto الأرضthe earth أوor رماهhurled him فيonto جبلٍa hill فتردَّىso tumbled منfrom موضعplace إلىto موضعٍplace حتىuntil وصلreached إلىto الأرض،the earth, أوor رماهhurled him فوقعَso fell علىupon رمحٍspear منصوبٍplanted أوor قصبةٍreed قائمةٍupstanding أوor حرفlip آجرَّةٍof brick لمnot يحلّlawful إلاunless إذاif أبانexposed رأسهits head بالرمية.by the shot.
If he shoots game and it falls in water or onto a rooftop, hill, tree, wall, or brick course, then falls from that to earth; or he hurls it onto a hill and it tumbles spot to spot until it reaches earth; or he hurls it so it lands on a planted spear, upright reed, or brick edge—it is not lawful unless the shot exposes its head.
ولوAnd if وقعَfell علىupon الأرضearth حيّاًalive فمات،then died, أوor علىupon جبل،hill, أوor ظهرroof بيت،house, أوor آجرَّةbrickwork موضوعة،laid flat, أوor صخرةrock فاستقرّand settled عليهاupon them حَلَّlawful إلاunless أنthat يصيبهstrikes it حَدّedge الصخرةof the rock فيشقّso splits بطنَهhis belly فيحرم.so unlawful.
If it falls to the ground alive then dies, or onto a hill, house-top, bricks laid flat, or a rock where it settles, it is lawful—unless struck by the rock's sharp edge splitting its belly, in which case it is unlawful.
وإنAnd if كانwas الطيرthe bird مائياًaquatic ورماهand shot it فيin الماءthe water حلَّlawful إنif لمdid not ينغمسsubmerge بالجراحةwith the wound فيه.therein.
If the bird is aquatic and he shoots it into water, it is lawful if the wound did not dunk it therein.
ولاAnd not يَحِلّlawful الصَّيدgame بالبنْدقةwith pellet-bow وعَرْضand width المِعْراضof Persian bow والعصاand stick التيwhich لاnot حَدَّedge لهاfor her يَجْرَحwounds والحجرand stone الثقيلheavy ولوeven if جرح،wounded, ولوand if كانwas خفيفاًlight وفيهand in it حدّةsharpness حَلّ.lawful.
Hunting game with a pellet-bow (bunduqah), the flat of a Persian bow (miʿrāḍ), a stick that cannot wound, heavy stone—even if it wounds—is not lawful; if it is light and has a sharp edge, it is lawful.
ولوAnd if رَماهshot him بمَرْوَةwith pellet محددةsharpened ولمand did not يجرحهwound him لمnot يحلّ،lawful, ولوand if أبانuncovered رأسهits head أوor قطعcut أَوداجهits jugulars حلَّ.lawful.
If he shoots it with sharpened pellets and does not wound it, not lawful—if [the pellets] uncover its head or sever its jugulars it is lawful.
ولوAnd if رماهshot him بسيفٍwith sword أوor سكينٍknife حَلَّlawful إنif جرحَهwounded him بحدّه.with its edge.
If he shoots it with a sword or knife, it is lawful if he wounds with its edge.
وإذاAnd when جرحَwounded السهمthe arrow أوor الكلبthe dog الصيدَthe game جرحاًa wound غيرother than مدمsevering قيل:it was said: يحلّ،lawful, وهوand it الأظهر،weightier, وقيل:and it was said: لاnot يَحِلّ،lawful, وقيل:and it was said: يَحِلّlawful فيin الجراحةِthe wound الكبيرةِlarge لاnot فيin الصغيرة.small.
If the arrow or the dog wounds the game without severing veins, it is said: lawful—and that is weightier; and it is said: not lawful; and it is said: lawful in a large wound, not a small one.
ولوAnd if ذَبَحَslaughtered شاةًa ewe ولمand did not يَسِلflow منهاfrom her دمٌblood فعلىon القولين،two opinions, وقيل:and it was said: إنif تحرَّكتmoved حلَّت،lawful, ولوand if خرجَexited الدمthe blood ولمand did not تتحرَّكْmove لاnot تَحِلّ.permitted.
If he slaughters a ewe and no blood flows, [the ruling is] on two opinions; and it is said: if it moves it is lawful; if blood issues and it does not move, it is not lawful.
ولوAnd if أصابstruck السهمthe arrow ظلفhoof الصيدthe game أوor قرنهits horn حلّlawful إنif أدماه.bloodied him.
If the arrow strikes the game's hoof or horn, it is lawful if it draws blood.
ولوAnd if رمىshot صيداًgame فقطعso severed عضوَهits limb أوor أقلَّmade less منthan نصفِhalf رأسِهof its head حَلَّlawful الصيدthe game لاnot المقطوع،severed, وإنand if قَدَّهpared it نصفينhalves أوor قطعَهcut him أَثلاثاًthirds والأكثرand excess منfrom مؤخّره،its rear, أوor قطعsevered نصفَhalf رأسِهof its head أوor أكثرِهmore thereof حَلَّlawful الكلّ.the whole.
If he shoots game and severs a limb or less than half its head, the game is lawful, not the severed part; if he divides it into halves or third parts with more behind, or halves its head or more, the whole becomes lawful.
ولوAnd if تَعَلَّقَhung العضوthe limb المقطوعsevered بجلدِهon its skin فإنthen if كانwas يَلْتَئِمknits together لوif تركهleft him حَلَّlawful العضوthe limb وإلاand if not فلا.then no.
If the severed limb hangs by its skin—if would heal left alone, that limb is lawful; otherwise not.
ولاAnd not يحلّpermissible صيدgame المجوسيِّof Magian والمرتدِّapostate والوثنيِّand idolater والمحْرم،pilgrim in iḥrām, بخلافunlike اليهوديّJew والنصرانيّ.Christian.
The game of the Magian, apostate, idolater, and pilgrim in iḥrām is not lawful—unlike the Jew and Christian.
ومَنWho رَمَىshot صَيْداًgame فأَصابَهand struck him ولمand did not يثْخِنْهmortal-wound him فرماهso shot him آخرanother فقتلَهso killed him فهوthen he لهfor him ويَحِلّ،lawful; وإنand if أَثخَنَهmortal-wounded him الأَوّلfirst فهوthen his لهfor him ولمyet يحل،not permissible, ويَضْمَنand owes الثّانيsecond قيمتَهhis value مَجْروحاًwounded بجراحةwith wound الأولfirst إنif عَلِمَknew حصولoccurrence القتلkilling بالثاني،second, وإنand if عَلِمَknew حصولَهits occurrence بهماby both أوor شَكَّdoubts ضَمِنَowes الثانيsecond ماwhat نقصتهdiminished جراحتهhis wound ونصفand half قيمتهvalue thereof مجروحاًwounded بجراحتين،with two wounds, ونصفand half قيمةvalue لحمه.his meat.
Who shoots game, hits it without mortally wounding it, and another shoots and kills—for that one it is lawful; if the first mortally wounded it, it is his yet not lawful, and the second owes its wounded value according to the first's wound if death by the second is known; if death by both is known—or doubtful—the second owes what his wound diminished, half its value wounded by two wounds, and half the value of its meat.
وإنAnd if كانwas الراميshooter ثانياًsecond هوhe الأولfirst فحكمruling الإباحةof permissibility ماwhat قلنا،we said, وصارand became كماas if لوwhen رمىshot صيداًgame علىon جبلhill فأثخنه،mortal-wounded him, ثمthen رماهshot him ثانياًsecond فأنزلهbrought him down لاnot يحل.permitted.
If the second shooter is the first [person], the ruling on permissibility is as we said—it is as if he shot game on a hill and mortally wounded it, then shot it a second time and brought it down: not lawful.
ويَحِلَّAnd lawful صيدgame ماwhat لاnot يؤكلeaten لحمه.its flesh.
Hunting game whose flesh is not eaten is lawful.
ولوAnd if رَمَىshot صيداًgame ورماهand shot him آخرanother فأصابand struck سهمarrow الثانيthe second سهمَarrow الأولthe first فردَّهso returned it إلىto صيدgame آخرanother فقتلَهand killed it حلَّlawful إنif سمَّىnamed الثاني.the second.
If one shoots game and another shoots and the second's arrow strikes the first's arrow, deflecting it to other game it kills, it is lawful if the second named [Allah].
ولوAnd if رَمَىshot صيداًgame بمِعْراضwith Persian bow أوor ببنْدقةwith pellet-bow فأَصابand hit سهماًan arrow فرفعَهand raised it فقتلَand killed صيداًgame جراحاًby wounding حلَّ.lawful.
If he shoots game with a Persian bow or pellet-bow, hits an arrow, lifts it, and kills game by wounding, it is lawful.
ولوAnd if نصبَset up شبكةًa net للصيدِfor game فيin أرضِland الغيرother's فوقعَso fell فيهاinto it صيدٌgame فهوso له،for him, ولوand if نصبَهاset it للجفافfor drying لمdid not يكنbelong لهto him حتىuntil يأخذه.he takes it.
If he sets a net for game on another's land and game falls in it, it is [the game's fate] his; if he set it for drying [produce], none of it belongs to him until he takes [the prey].
ومَنWho أَخَذَtook صيداًgame أوor فراخَهits chicks أوor بيضةًan egg منfrom دارhouse رجلman أَوor أَرضِهhis land فهوso لهhis إلاّunless أنthat يغْلِقَcloses البابَthe door لإحرازهfor securing فحينئذٍthen يملكه.he possesses it.
Who takes game, its chicks, or an egg from a man's house or his land—it is his—unless [the owner] closes the door to secure it; then [the hunter] possesses it.
ولوAnd if نَصَبَset شبكةًa net فوَقَعَthen fell فيهاinto it صيدٌgame أوor رَمَىshot شصاًharpoon فتعلَّقتthen fixed بهon it سمكةٌa fish فاضطرباstrove both حتىuntil انقطعتbroke الشبكةnet وخيطcord الشَّصّharpoon وخلصا،escaped, فصادهماfished both آخرanother فهماso both له،his, ولوand if لمdid not يخلصslip free حتىuntil إذاwhen جاءcame الصائدthe hunter وقَدَرَand was able علىon أَخذِه،taking it, ثمَّthen خَلصَslipped free وانفلتand escaped فهوso it علىis upon مِلْكِه.his title.
If he sets a net—game falls in it; or he throws a harpoon and a fish fixes on it—they struggle until the net, the harpoon line, snap and they slip free—another fishes both up: both are his; if they do not slip free until the hunter arrives and could take them, then they slip free and escape—ownership follows his original title [to capture]. And likewise when he casts with fish outside water, it struggles then falls into water.
وكذاAnd likewise لوif رمىshot بالسمكةwith fish خارجoutside الماءwater فاضطربتstruggled ثمّthen وقعتfell فيin الماء.water.
And likewise if he throws with the fish outside the water, it struggles then falls into the water.
ولوAnd if رمىshot صيداًgame فصرعَهso stunned him وغشيand covered عليه،on him, ثمthen أفاقَrecovered وطارَand flew فأخذَهand took it آخرanother فهوthen he له،his, ولوand if جرحَهwounded him جراحةًa wound مثخنةًmortal ثمthen برىءrecovered وطارand flew فهوthen he للأول.for first.
If he shoots game, stuns it and it swoons, then revives and flies and another takes it—for that one it is his; if he mortally wounds it then it heals and flies, it belongs to the first.