فصل في أحكام الذبائح

The slaughter (dhabīḥah) of a Muslim and People of the Book is lawful … unlike that of a Magian, apostate, or idolater absolutely; slaughter by a pilgrim for game; and what game is slaughtered in the ḥaram even if slaughterer is lawful [to eat elsewhere].

The child, madman, and drunk—if able to slaughter and understand the naming (tasmiyah): lawful—otherwise not.

Leaving out naming deliberately is carrion; forgetting it is lawful.

The time of naming in other than hunting is at slaughter; in hunting at shooting or releasing the predator.

If he lays a sheep down, names [Allah], and with that naming slaughters another, it is not lawful—unlike release and shooting.

If he names [Allah] upon an arrow then shoots with another and kills, it is not lawful.

If in naming he says “In the name of Allah, Muḥammad Messenger of Allah”; or “… and Muḥammad Messenger of Allah” in nominative; or “Allāhumma accept from me”; or “from So-and-so”—lawful but disliked. If he uses “Muḥammad” depending (jar) wrongly, unlawful.

If he says bassala without final hāʾ intending naming, lawful.

If he says “O Allah forgive me” intending naming, unlawful; if glorifies or praises or magnifies intending naming—lawful. If he sneezes at slaughter then praises Allah, unlawful in authoritative view.

If he names then does another deed before slaughter: if slight—such as sipping water or a word with a human—lawful—otherwise not.

Slaughter is between the throat and the upper chest (lubbah); the vessels cut therein are four: windpipe, oesophagus, and the two jugulars—and three of them, whichever they are, must be cut.

Slaughter is permitted with every sharp tool that lets blood flow except an attached tooth, nail, or horn—with these [alone] the slaughtered is carrion; with detached [tooth etc.] disliked—likewise bone, and anything that delays death.

Sharpening the knife before laying down favoured; dislike after laying down.

Who reaches spinal cord(? ) with knife or severs head—lawful [meat], disliked. Every undue torment needless is disliked: dragging slaughtered beast by hoof to slab, skinning before death completes—even if dying before cooling (?), disagreeable to some.

If slaughters from nape and survives until severing three vessels—lawful, disliked—otherwise not.

Tame-turned-from-wild(? ) game lawful slaughter by cutting; beasts turned wild (? ) by predator or herdsman fleeing—injury qualifies if intending lawful slaughter solely, repelling predator alone insufficient.

Likewise the camel fallen in a well—if slaughter is impossible and one cannot reckon its death merely from wounding [reaching down] by water:

Sheep: herds in wilderness—wild; herds in township—not—unlike camel and cattle.

For camels, throat-slit from the front (naḥr) is preferred; ordinary neck-cut slaughter is disliked. For cattle and sheep ordinary slaughter is preferred; throat-slit naḥr thereto is disliked.

Dead foetus of slaughter unlawful even fully formed; strangled, beaten to death (?), cliff-fallen, goring-killed (?) prey of predator or wolf—if slaughtered possessing life akin to slaughtered animal—lawful.

Late-term pregnant [animal] slaughter disliked.

If he shoots his pigeon airborne: stray from loft—lawful; homing—not unless hits slaughter zone.

Likewise semi-tame gazelle escaping to wilderness—someone shoots: hits slaughter-zone lawful—not otherwise.