Chapter on catching the obligatory prayer — Tuḥfat al-Mulūk

Ruling353

2 notes

Whoever enters a mosque where adhān has been given is disliked to leave before prayer unless he is an imām or muʾadhdhin going to his congregation, or he has already prayed the obligatory and leaves—unless prayer starts before he leaves: then he follows voluntarily in Ẓuhr and ʿIshāʾ and leaves in the rest.

From the editors

1.

After the adhān, leaving the mosque before the obligatory prayer is disliked (makrūh) when one could remain for jamāʿa. The matn carves out two excuses: an imām or muʾadhdhin who must go to lead or call another congregation, and someone who has already performed that time’s obligatory prayer in this mosque. If the communal prayer begins before he can leave, the ruling branches: for Ẓuhr and ʿIshāʾ he may join behind the imām as a voluntary follower and then depart once that voluntary attachment is complete; for the remaining cases envisaged in the same discussion, he leaves without performing that voluntary following.

2.

“Voluntary here” means praying nafl behind a jamāʿa that is itself an obligatory cycle, not substituting the farḍ he still owes—context is adab around the mosque and the call, not waiving the farḍ.

Ruling354

2 notes

If a man comes while the imām is in Fajr: if he fears missing one rakʿa with the imām, he prays the sunna outside then follows; if he fears missing two, he leaves the sunna and follows, and does not make it up.

Ruling355

2 notes

The Ẓuhr sunna he omits in both cases and makes up—as mentioned in the chapter on sunan.

Ruling356

2 notes

ومَن أدرك مع الإمام ركعةً حَصَلَ له ثواب الجماعة.

Whoever catches one rakʿa with the imām gets the reward of congregation.

Ruling357

2 notes

ولو أدركَ الإمامَ راكعاً فكبَّرَ ووقف حتى رفع الإمام رأسَه، لا يصير مدركاً لتلك الرَّكعة.

If he catches the imām bowing and says takbīr and stands until the imām raises his head, he has not caught that rakʿa.

Ruling358

2 notes

ولو أدركَه في القيام ولم يركَعْ معه حتى رَفَعَ الإمام رأسَه ثم ركعَ المقتدي، صارَ مدركاً لها.

If he catches him standing and does not bow with him until the imām raises his head then the follower bows, he has caught it.

Ruling359

2 notes

ولو رَكَعَ قبل الإمام فأَدْرَكَه الإمام فيه، صَحّ.

If he bows before the imām and the imām catches him in it, it is valid.

Ruling360

2 notes

والمسبوق يقضي فائته بعد فراغ الإمام بقراءة ولو كان قرأ مع الإمام، بخلافِ ما لو قنت معه، فإنَّه لا يقنت فيما يقضي.

The latecomer makes up his missed part after the imām finishes with recitation even if he recited with the imām; unlike qunūting with him—he does not qunūt in what he makes up.

Ruling361

2 notes

ولو أدرك مع الإمام ثالثة المغرب قَضَى الأوليين بجلستين.

If he catches the imām in the third rakʿa of Maghrib he makes up the first two with two sittings.

Ruling362

3 notes

وما يقضيه المسبوق أوّل صلاته حكماً فيستفتح فيه لا فيما أَدرك، ويتشهّد مع إمامه ولا يدعو.

What the latecomer makes up at the start of his prayer he opens with basmala for—not for what he caught—and he tashahhuds with his imām and does not supplicate.

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